ANSWERS: 3
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It's actually a thermonuclear reaction (think an H-bomb, only without the blast effects) that is slowly converting hydrogen into helium. Later in its life cycle, it will convert helium into carbon. Once that stage is complete, the sun will die and be just an Earth-sized lump of pure carbon, since there won't be enough mass left to fuse carbon into something else.
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The gravity is so immense that it cause atoms to push together. This gives off heat. The heat then makes the atoms race around crashing into other atoms.
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I have also heard of a pure diamond star out in the universe somewhere. I wish I could give you more info I just don't remember it.
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